Racial discrimination refers to the unfair treatment of individuals based on their race, ethnicity, or color. Unfortunately, racial discrimination continues to occur in various aspects of life, including the workplace, housing, education, and public accommodations. Whether it’s being passed over for a job because of race, being denied a rental property, or experiencing unequal treatment in public services, racial discrimination can have devastating consequences on individuals' personal and professional lives.

Key Laws Protecting Against Racial Discrimination

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII)

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is one of the most significant pieces of legislation passed to combat racial discrimination in the United States. Title VII of this act specifically prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Title VII applies to all employers with 15 or more employees and covers most public and private sector workplaces. It prohibits discrimination in hiring, firing, promotions, pay, and other terms and conditions of employment. The law applies to private employers, labor unions, and employment agencies.

How This Law Applies to Employers and Employees

• Employers: Employers are required to ensure that hiring, firing, training, and promotion practices are not discriminatory. If an employee experiences racial discrimination in the workplace, such as being passed over for a promotion or being subjected to harassment due to their race, the employee has the right to file a claim under Title VII.
• Employees: Employees who believe they have experienced racial discrimination can file a charge with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), which is responsible for enforcing Title VII. After the EEOC investigates the claim, it may pursue legal action on behalf of the employee if discrimination is found. If the EEOC does not pursue the case, the employee can file a lawsuit.

Fair Housing Act (FHA)

The Fair Housing Act (FHA) was passed as part of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 and is designed to protect individuals from racial discrimination in housing. The FHA applies to a wide range of housing-related activities, including renting, selling, and financing homes.

The FHA prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, familial status, or national origin in the sale, rental, or financing of housing. The law covers both public and private housing and applies to landlords, real estate agents, property managers, and mortgage lenders.

How the FHA Applies to Landlords, Real Estate Agents, and Sellers

• Landlords and Property Managers: Landlords and property managers are prohibited from refusing to rent or negotiate rental terms based on a person's race or ethnicity. For example, if a landlord refuses to rent to a qualified applicant solely because of their race, this is a violation of the FHA.
• Real Estate Agents and Sellers: Real estate agents and sellers are also prohibited from steering potential buyers or renters toward or away from certain areas based on racial preferences. Any form of racial discrimination in the sale or rental of property, such as denying housing or providing less favorable terms based on race, violates the FHA.

The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

The Equal Protection Clause is part of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees that no state shall deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This clause ensures that individuals are not discriminated against based on their race, ethnicity, or other protected characteristics.

The Equal Protection Clause was originally intended to protect the rights of newly freed slaves following the Civil War, but it has since been applied to a wide range of discrimination claims, including those based on race. This clause has been the foundation for many landmark U.S. Supreme Court cases that address racial discrimination, such as Brown v. Board of Education, which struck down racial segregation in public schools.

Role in Racial Discrimination Claims
The Equal Protection Clause is frequently cited in racial discrimination claims, particularly in cases involving state or local government actions. If an individual can demonstrate that they have been treated unfairly or discriminated against due to their race by a state or local authority, the Equal Protection Clause can be invoked to protect their rights.

State Laws and Local Ordinances in Michigan

In addition to federal laws, Michigan state law offers further protections against racial discrimination. Michigan’s Civil Rights Act (CRA) provides comprehensive protections against discrimination in employment, housing, public accommodations, and education, among other areas.

Michigan Civil Rights Act (CRA)

The Michigan CRA specifically prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, and other factors in public accommodations, employment, housing, and education. The CRA mirrors the federal protections found in the Civil Rights Act of 1964 but also offers additional protections for individuals in Michigan.
Local Ordinances in Dearborn Heights

In Dearborn Heights, local ordinances may provide additional protections against racial discrimination. These ordinances often complement state and federal laws and are designed to address issues that specifically affect local communities. For example, the Dearborn Heights Human Rights Commission works to address and investigate complaints of discrimination within the city, including issues related to race.

Legal Process for Racial Discrimination Claims

Filing a Claim with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

For those who experience racial discrimination in the workplace, the first step in the legal process is often to file a claim with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The EEOC is a federal agency responsible for enforcing federal laws against discrimination.

• Explanation of the Process:
  
  • Filing a Claim: If you believe you have been discriminated against in your workplace because of your race, you can file a claim with the EEOC. The claim should be filed as soon as possible after the alleged discriminatory action occurs, as the statute of limitations for filing a claim is typically 180 days from the date of the discrimination (it can extend to 300 days if state or local laws also prohibit discrimination).
  • EEOC Investigation: Once you file a claim, the EEOC will investigate the complaint. This process typically involves gathering information from both the complainant (the person filing the complaint) and the employer. The EEOC may request documents, conduct interviews, and seek evidence that supports the claim of racial discrimination.
• The Role of the EEOC in Investigating Claims and Issuing Right-to-Sue Notices:
  
  • After investigating the complaint, the EEOC may decide to settle the case through a negotiated agreement, issue a right-to-sue notice, or file a lawsuit on behalf of the complainant. If the EEOC determines there is enough evidence to support the claim, it may attempt to mediate a settlement between the two parties.
  • If the EEOC is unable to resolve the case, it will issue a right-to-sue notice, which grants the complainant the legal right to file a lawsuit in federal court.

Filing a Claim Under the Fair Housing Act

Racial discrimination in housing is prohibited by the Fair Housing Act (FHA), which protects individuals from discrimination in renting, buying, or financing homes based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, or disability.

• Steps for Filing a Claim of Housing Discrimination with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD):
  
  • If you believe you've faced racial discrimination while trying to rent, buy, or apply for a mortgage, you can file a complaint with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). HUD investigates allegations of housing discrimination under the Fair Housing Act.
  • The process of filing a claim with HUD is similar to that of filing with the EEOC. You will need to submit a formal complaint detailing the incident, including the names of the involved parties, the property in question, and the nature of the discrimination.
• Process of Seeking Redress for Housing-Related Racial Discrimination:
  
  • HUD will review your complaint and may launch an investigation, during which it will gather evidence, interview witnesses, and review relevant documents. If HUD finds reasonable cause to believe that discrimination has occurred, it will attempt to resolve the case by mediation or settlement.
  • If a settlement is not reached, HUD may refer the case to an administrative law judge or file a lawsuit in federal court to address the discriminatory actions. You may also have the option to take the case directly to court.

State-Level Actions and Local Remedies

In addition to federal protections, Michigan provides its own protections against racial discrimination through the Michigan Department of Civil Rights (MDCR).

• Reporting to the Michigan Department of Civil Rights (MDCR):
  
  • Individuals can file discrimination complaints with the MDCR if they experience racial discrimination in areas such as employment, housing, or public accommodations within Michigan. The MDCR has the authority to investigate claims of discrimination, provide legal assistance, and take action on behalf of the complainant.
  • The MDCR process is similar to the federal process, and Michigan law also offers additional protections not covered by federal law. For example, the Michigan Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination in both private and public sector employment.
• Filing Lawsuits in State Courts:
  
  
  
  • Victims of racial discrimination can also pursue legal action directly in Michigan state courts. If you are unable to reach a resolution through MDCR or federal agencies, filing a lawsuit in state court may be an option. State courts can hear claims related to racial discrimination, and an experienced attorney can help you file and pursue a claim for damages.

The Role of a Lawyer in Racial Discrimination Cases

Racial discrimination cases often involve complex legal concepts, including the burden of proof, evidence gathering, and compliance with both state and federal laws. A skilled attorney can help guide you through the process and ensure that your case is handled effectively.

• How a Lawyer Can Help Navigate the Complex Legal Process:
  A lawyer with experience in racial discrimination cases can help you understand your rights, explain the legal process, and ensure that all necessary steps are taken. This includes gathering evidence, contacting witnesses, and filing all necessary paperwork within the required deadlines.
• Gathering Evidence and Negotiating Settlements:
  To build a strong case, a lawyer will assist you in collecting the evidence needed to support your claim. This can include documentation of the discriminatory incident, emails, text messages, and witness statements. Your lawyer will also help negotiate a settlement with the responsible party or pursue litigation if a fair settlement cannot be reached.
• Representing Clients in Court:
  In some cases, it may be necessary to take the discrimination claim to court. A lawyer will represent your interests in court, ensuring that your case is presented effectively. Your attorney will handle legal arguments, introduce evidence, and cross-examine witnesses to ensure your rights are upheld.
• Ensuring Victims Have a Strong Case:
  Legal representation is critical in ensuring that racial discrimination victims have a strong case and are treated fairly. Without an attorney, victims may face challenges in proving their case or navigating the complexities of discrimination law.

Taking Action Against Racial Discrimination in Dearborn Heights

By recognizing the importance of legal representation, victims of racial discrimination can ensure their voices are heard and that their rights are defended. Marko Law is here to help individuals navigate the complexities of racial discrimination claims. From understanding key laws like the Civil Rights Act and Fair Housing Act to representing clients in court, our experienced team is dedicated to fighting for justice and holding those responsible accountable.

If you believe that you have been a victim of racial discrimination in Dearborn Heights, Marko Law is here to assist you. Our team of experienced attorneys is ready to help you navigate the legal process, gather the necessary evidence, and fight for the compensation and justice you deserve.

Don’t wait—take the first step toward justice today by contacting Marko Law for a free case evaluation. Let us help you pursue your claim and ensure that your rights are fully protected.

Contact Information

Phone Numbers:
1-833-MARKO-LAW
1-313-777-7LAW

Main Office Address:
220 W. Congress, 4th Floor
Detroit, MI 48226

Website:
https://www.markolaw.com

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